Abstract

This study reviews and assesses research on personal exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (RF-EMF), focusing on two primary methodologies: personal measurements conducted by volunteers and measurements carried out by trained researchers across various microenvironments, either on foot or using transportation.

We also examine the current understanding of wireless emissions and their potential health implications. RF waves, such as those emitted by Wi-Fi and mobile networks, are classified as non-ionizing radiation, lacking sufficient energy to break chemical bonds or directly damage DNA. The World Health Organization (WHO) has extensively reviewed RF exposure and concluded that, under normal usage conditions, no confirmed adverse health effects have been established.

Nonetheless, in 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) categorized RF radiation as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B), reflecting limited and inconclusive evidence while acknowledging that potential risks—particularly from prolonged or high exposure—cannot be entirely dismissed.

The prevailing scientific consensus is that RF waves do not directly harm biological tissues at regulatory exposure levels. However, research continues to explore possible long-term effects, especially considering cumulative exposure and vulnerable populations, such as children and individuals with preexisting health conditions.

In summary, while current evidence suggests no significant health risks at typical exposure levels, a precautionary approach is recommended, supported by continuous monitoring and conservative exposure limits grounded in rigorous scientific evaluation